Andrew Grove Free Essays

Intel Corporation is one of the world chiefs as far as microchip and chip creation. They leave on a crucial remaining in the top and even detailed a procedure on investigating different types of business sectors like that of advanced wellbeing and remote applications. They have likewise been known to manufacture tie-ups with pioneers of the planned markets they are investigating. We will compose a custom exposition test on Andrew Grove or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now They have tied up with web search tool Google for the remote application for instance. Fundamentally, Intel activities are isolated into two segments: the interchanges gathering, known as ICG or Intel Communications Group; and the other segment comprises of the Intel Architectural business. The building segment is liable for the creation of â€Å"platform† sheets that comprises of chipsets and microchips, which are utilized in work area processors; including the Intel Pentium 4 processor and the Celeron. Then again, the interchanges area manage the creation and improvement of remote innovation. They are for the most part worried about glimmer memory and cell base-band innovation. Intel is likewise known for huge scope tie-ups with different firms. Case of such is their tie-up with web crawler Google for improvement of remote advancements. They are additionally know to be associated with different firms like Microsoft and Dell. Be that as it may, rivalry has been believed to get up to speed with the initiative goodness Intel. As of late, a great deal of commotions have been heard in the ongoing choice of present CEO Paul Otellini uncovered his arrangement to send the miniaturized scale chip organization to another industry. While the rest had their issues with it, previous CEO Andrew Grove is all commendations for it. The present CEO’s vision is to for the most part change the picture of Intel beginning from what Andrew Grove for all intents and purposes assembled. Beginning from the rejecting of the well known â€Å"e† trademark of the logo, the organization proverb and even the brand, the organization has been imagined to experience a change. A great deal of chiefs appear to be against the changing of such things that made Intel an easily recognized name. Indeed, even the logo has been broadly known in all pieces of the globe. Then, Andrew Grove has been vocal about his endorsement of the said changes. As he would like to think, they are of a similar line of reasoning that the current CEO has, that the organization truly needs to experience these adjustments with the goal for the to tell the world that even Intel is acclimating to the quick paced development of the business and that they, as an organization, ought to be at equivalent balance with the remainder of the organizations in the equivalent industry.â He further burdens that it is a basic for the organization to show that the organization displays a demonstration of hazard taking and result direction, joined additionally by the estimation of order. Previously, under Grove’s management and Craig Barrett (Grove’s replacement), the organization concentrated on the creation of chip and started to lead the pack in that industry for quite a long time. They helped bring forth the Information Age by delivering more microchips and consequently, creating quicker PCs and completion in the advancement of small scale handling. Nonetheless, what Otellini had as a main priority is a long way from the previous picture of Intel, taking into account that he even needed to change the logo and friends image. He needed to wander into unknown locales of advanced wellbeing industry and that of â€Å"platform† innovations. Regardless of the negative perspectives about Otellini’s choice, Analysts from outside the organization have refered to different perspectives about the subject, expressing the way that occasionally, change is required for a major organization to keep up strong bit of leeway. They likewise included that different organizations that endure the progressions kept up industry authority, much the same as what befell Texas Instruments. Nonetheless, the opposite side notes that it isn't generally that prudent to change their objective industry and discover a specialty in different markets, despite the fact that they have administration in the business they would leave. Adding capability to the capability of the pundits, Intel’s contender, AMD (Advanced Micro Devices) Inc., have scored a significant point against Intel as it bested the organization as far as utilization as AMD Inc rose to a higher rate in 2003 and investigators see that it would keep on ascending against Intel except if Intel discharges another serious line of processors later on.. In the remote correspondences field, Texas Instruments and Qualcomm Inc are as yet standing their own ground against Intel’s progresses. Likewise, the two organizations are intending to discharge their own forms of the stage that they guaranteed, would acquire portions of the market than the new Intel is attempting to manufacture a specialty on. Then again, numerous individuals are commending Otellini’s vision of the new Intel, expressing that they have never observed such a great amount of advancement in innovation concerning their fields, particularly that of medication. Additionally, individuals have really observed the development of the organization, demonstrating guarantee for an entire assortment of new plans that are in progress. Not exclusively did the plans help organization attaches with different organizations, yet in addition made their accomplice organizations have confidence in the new adaptability of Intel. They advanced nearer attaches with mobile phone combinations Nokia and Samsung; had present tie-ups with Google; attaches with Sony and Philips; and with those ties, Intel had the option to deliver and discharge various kinds of imaginative items. There various advancements have distinctive market responses. Some creating extraordinary outcomes, others not. Be that as it may, investigators are directly in bringing up that different organizations that are industry pioneers likewise experienced changes that appeared as though they are going no place, in spite of the fact that at long last, they have demonstrated that their change would really pay off. What's more, presently, Intel took their lead and in the long run accepting a few changes in themselves also. The issue would be, on the off chance that they can keep up the beneficial outcomes and wipe out the negative impacts of the changes. With respect to their choice of making the organization over, It is. The industry’s response to it appeared to regard the choice as a brilliant move also. Opponent AMD Inc made a few arrangements with ATI, and this demonstrated Intel created a greater danger than previously. Additionally, the aftereffect of other showcasing systems in the arrival of the new items demonstrated that Intel can truly stand its ground against the adversaries in the enterprises that they have entered. They likewise indicated that they can keep up the administration in their industry, and even rebuilt themselves into a more genuine danger than that of previously. Be that as it may, not all choices exclusively produce great impacts. The negative impacts along these lines ought to be managed as needs be. Otellini didn't make a terrible move and he guaranteed that he would deliver great outcomes which he did, despite the fact that in the process about mortifying the organization as he endured close to misfortunes and keep on being behind Texas Instrument in different fields. Intel settled on a decent choice remotely as well as settled on advancement choices inside, dealing with their representatives better and offering opportunities to different fields like medication to be at a similar level as that of the designers, the capability of Intel previously. May be this was a factor in Otellini’s condition that he contrived for organization development. All things considered, Intel has made a momentous move from the manner in which it was thirty seven years prior. It additionally left from the family unit figure that we perceived. Despite the fact that this a strong move in there part and a fairly unsafe one considering the old model is one of the primary reasons why Intel made it to the top. In Otellini’s, and now Intel’s conviction, It is one dangerous move that was intended to keep up administration and increase focal points in different fields that they would seek after later on. The market and business world would need to watch out as Intel’s new look will undoubtedly remain, as is their new standpoint in the business fights. Book indices Intel Corp. Organization Profile. Yippee! Fund. Recovered October 26, 2006. (http://biz.yahoo.com/ic/13/13787.html) Intel Corporation. PC Business Review Online. Recovered October 26, 2006. (http://www.cbronline.com/companyprofile.asp?guid=E82C088A-0488-4DB5-8953-9E316C2B44D1CType=Background) Step by step instructions to refer to Andrew Grove, Essay models

Rousseau and the Positive Theory of Liberty Essays -- Philosophy

Freedom impacts two primary zones of political idea; the condition of nature and the implicit agreement. This exposition will analyze shrink or not it is appropriate to describe Jean Jacque Rousseau as holding a positive hypothesis of freedom. To decide to what expands this is genuine the accompanying territories must be considered and investigated; the meanings of freedom and opportunity, Isaiah Berlin’s idea of positive and negative freedom, Rousseau comprehends of Liberty and furthermore why Rousseau’s hypothesis can be described as positive freedom. The fundamental contention of this exposition is that Rousseau holds a positive hypothesis of freedom. Jean Jacque Rousseau was conceived on the 28th June 1712 and kicked the bucket on the second July 1778. Rousseau was a significant Genevan rationalist, author, and writer of eighteenth century during the Romanticism period. His political way of thinking was vigorously affected by the French Revolution and the American Revolution and furthermore impacted his general advancement of present day political, sociological and instructive idea. Some of Rousseau’s popular works incorporate the Social Contract or Du contrat social (1762) and Emile (1762). Initially before building up shrinks or not Rousseau’s hypothesis of freedom is portrayed as positive it critical to start characterizing what Liberty really is. The Oxford word reference characterizes freedom as ‘the condition free inside society from abusive limitations forced by expert on one’s conduct or political views’ (Oxford Dictionaries ). Isaiah Berlin (1909-97) contends that there are two unique ideas of freedom: negative and positive. He expresses the negative freedom is ‘namely opportunity from limitation or interface’ (Warburton, 2004, p. 232) or as it were nonattendance of compulsion, obstructions, limitation or obstacl... ...rieved 12 2010, 9, from Oxford Dictionaries : http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/see/passage/m_en_gb0315030#m_en_gb0315030 (n.d.). Recovered 12 2010, 9, from Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: http://plato.stanford.edu/passages/freedom positive-negative/ Berlin, I. (1969). Two Concepts of Liberty. In Four Essays on Liberty. London: Oxford University Press. Haddock, B. (2008 ). A History of Political Thought . Cambridge: Polity . Replogle, R. (1989). Recouping the Social Contract. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers Inc. Rousseau, J. J. (1923). The Social Contract and Discourses interpreted with an Introduction by G.D. H. Cole . Londan and Toronto: J.M Dent and Sons. Shklar, J. (1969). Men and Citizens: An investigation of Rousseau's social hypothesis. Cambridge: Cambridge UNiversity Press. Warburton, N. (2004). Philosoph: Basic Reading Second Edition . New York : Routledge .

4 Strategies to Eliminate Your Ego and Become Productive

4 Strategies to Eliminate Your Ego and Become Productive “Ego trip: a journey to nowhere.” â€" Robert HalfWe, humans, are creatures of vanity. It’s impossible to carry over our gifted innocence that we were born with. By the time we are full grown adults, we fill our world with idealistic desires and an inflated personality. The result is our very own creation â€" Ego.The famous Austrian neurologist, Sigmund Freud defined the ego as “a coherent organization of mental processes”. In simple terms, what he meant was â€" Ego controls our actions, the way we feel about others and our emotions sway towards a negative direction such as hostility, arrogance, bossy, boastful, etc.Suffering from ego isn’t a disability, there are effective strategies to combat them. Let’s first breakdown and understand how ego emerges in a human being and later, you’ll learn the effective strategies to deal with it.WHAT IS EGO AND HOW CAN IT AFFECT YOU NEGATIVELY?Phrases such as “The son will turn out just as egotistic as his father” are plain rub bish. Egotism isn’t passed on genetically. It isn’t a medical condition but rather a psychological one. Researchers at “Society for Personality and Social Psychology” came out with an interesting theory. The subjects that were tested were introduced to games of chance (Blackjack, Roulette, etc.) or where gambling was involved. The study proved that egotistic people never backed down when losing and end up depleting their finances just to avoid being a failure in public. Hence, entertaining egotism in your life has a greater chance of bringing you to ruin during a challenge.Humility and egotism can’t exist in the same plane of thought. Either you’re humble or a showoff. Egotism can manifest as a self-defense mechanism for many depressed individuals. While others have ego due to their inability to feel empathy towards lesser successful individuals than themselves. An egotistic human is generally self-obsessed and doesn’t understand logical statements. To better understan d egoism, here are two examples.You’re out with a group of friends for a football match. One of your friends starts chatting up about how he knows the star striker of the home team. Gradually, the conversation begins to center around how your friend knows all the powerful people around town. By the end of the football game, your friend is now self-obsessed about receiving maximum attention on himself rather than focusing on having a good time with friends. Here’s another great example â€" an affluent politician running for president promises his people that he would improve the state of living if he’s elected into power. After being elected, he forgets his duties and begins to misuse his power for his own benefits. This is a classic case in modern society!The following two examples make it certain that a person with an ego creates an invisible barrier between themselves and their followers. Eventually, people will not stand for all the negative hostility emanating from the ego istic individual. They will begin to distance themselves. Psychologically, an egotistic person feels on the top of the world when he boasts of his accomplishments but the negative effect it has is quite disastrous. Take this questionnaire to know if you’ve got an egotistic mind.Do you consider yourself the smartest person around when you’re out with friends?Every time you shop, do you have a habit of posting about it to your friends and family on social networking sites just to feed on the envy of others?Do you boast to people you’ve just met for the first time about your personal or career-based achievements?Have you posted an image of a loved one online even though you promised them that it would remain personal between the two of you?Do you silently sulk inside when your best friend just made the cut in the school’s football team?If you were to win second prize at the local beauty contest, would you storm out without congratulating the winner?Do you constantly gossip abou t other people’s flaws with your friends and family?Have you constantly set impossible goals for yourself in your life and feel frustrated for not reaching them? Do homeless people on the streets bother you?For every “No” that you’ve answered, give yourself 1 point. For every “Yes”, remove 1 point. Start at a count of 0. Depending on the number of points, your results are listed below.Below 2 points = Extremely Egotistic. People don’t enjoy being around you.2 â€" 4 points = Somewhat Egotistic. Only your family and close friends may let you off the hook.4 â€" 6 points = Barely Egotistic. Some traces of negativity. May offend strangers but not everyone.6 â€" 8 points = Favored Egotistic. You’ve got the right mix of ego that others find you appealing.9 points â€" Humble as a child. People love conversing and being around you for being such a sweetheart.How Ego Affects Our Mental State and RelationshipsOften without our knowledge, our own ego hurts our loved ones the mos t. Carl Jung, a Swiss psychologist, stated that “The first half of life should be devoted to forming a healthy ego, the second half is going inward and letting go of it.” Allowing ego to manifest in a relationship creates a tug-of-war between your own mental state and the emotion for your loved one. It’s not just the personal relationships that ego destroys but also professional ones. Imagine if you refused to help your co-worker solve a problem when he or she needs your help the most just because you thought the task was too trivial to be bothered with. To better understand if you’ve got the signs of egotism, here are a few ways of finding out â€" 1. Blaming everyone around you constantlyOf course, people make mistakes and it’s okay to point it out to them occasionally. But lately, have you stopped appreciating people’s talents and picked on their nitty-gritty mistakes often? If so, you might be suffering from a case of egotism. Most egotists deny any responsibility for their actions and usually blame others for their downfall. Ego makes people feel like they are perfectionists and aren’t justified in committing a single mistake. There’s a thin line that separates egotism and narcissism. Let’s take an example. Your friend and you have decided to hit the casino on a Friday night. Both of you decided to try the roulette machine and after winning a few rounds, both of you are ecstatic. Your friend says it’s time to leave and asks you to cash out your winnings, but you decide to play on and by the end of the night, you lose all your money. You now pick an argument with your friend stating that gambling is wrong and it was his fault for encouraging you. A non-egoistic mind would have taken the loss just as well as the winnings but being egotistic you just can’t handle defeat. Seeing all your money go has set off an internal alarm â€" your friend was a victim of your ego. In this simple case, you just lost a valuable friendship that might have lasted a lifetime.Do any of us reflect a time in our lives, where had we taken responsibility for our actions, we could have still saved a valuable relationship? That’s right, that’s ego manipulation right there.2. Exceptionally high levels of prideUsually, pride and ego are the two best friends that enable an individual to attract a lot of enemies. “I’ve been a lieutenant in the army for 3 years before I was discharged, what have you been doing with your life?” is usually self-centered and portrays you as a valuable person to society and others have done nothing meaningful. If you’re at a party and ask people to constantly take photographs of yourself more than your group, you certainly suffer from a bad case of pride and egotism. You’ve undoubtedly seen plenty of examples of egotistic friends that crop out an entire group photo to have their face-centered before putting it up on social media for the whole world to see. This demonstrates that they want people to see and appreciate them over their friends.3. Egotistic people spend more time in the fantasy worldIt goes without saying, an egotistic mind creates elaborate stories where it presents yourself as the savior of humanity and how you’ll achieve great deeds in the future. In fact, individuals that spend more time dreaming about achieving something don’t achieve it. Don’t believe us? Here’s a research story by Wealth Research Group to support this theory.The study states 98% of the subjects failed to achieve their dream because they spent more time in their fantasy world rather than in real life. Ego always looks at success through a narrow vision and forgets that failure is part of life. An egotistic mind can’t accept defeat and usually gives up on long-term goals as soon as there’re signs of failure. To get a reality check on yourself, ask yourself these questions and write your answers on a sheet of paper â€"Do you know your friends on a personal level?When was the last time you socialized?What was the last goal that you achieved in life that you set your mind on?Have you been arrogant to anyone in the past month? If so, list the names.Have you written down your goals on paper instead of just thinking about them?What methods have you utilized to achieve your goal?When was the last time you sought forgiveness with someone?What are the three best qualities in yourself? What is the one destructive quality that you’d like to eliminate from your life?What’s stopping you from achieving a successful career and a healthy social life?Ensure you write your answers down and don’t just think about them. Written answers can help you reflect later and you’ll hold yourself accountable in the future. An egotistic mind is usually blind to all the above answers until you list them down and read them once a week. Letting Go of EgoReleasing your ego is liberating to the mind and the soul. Ego is like a driver that has been driving our mental state for years on a ba d stretch of road without a break. Finally, when we’ve removed ego, we take back control of the steering wheel and begin to take a journey into a blissful part of town that we’ve never ventured before. If you’re ready to take up this journey and shed your ego, the next section is filled with effective strategies that will assist you in situations where your ego usually manifests. The idea of these strategies is to fully enjoy life’s experiences without blocking them. In short â€"It’s time to get back to our childlike innocence. 4 TECHNIQUES TO MANAGE YOUR EGO AND ENABLE PRODUCTIVITY IN YOUR LIFE1. Practice Forgiveness “Why should I be the one to apologize, it was her mistake! Why should I do it first?” Statements such as these are often heard because ego maneuvers us to behave in this fashion. If the other person doesn’t apologize, we end up hating them. And once we hate someone, we have them in our mind forever causing us mental harm every time the conversation of this person is brought to light. By forgiving people, we don’t just build relationships, but we also learn to release the mental pain that could’ve brought us further harm. Forgiveness isn’t just for the other person, it’s also for your own mind and soul. A single act of forgiveness can release the pent-up negative energy caused by ego and will make your day seem much better than it is. Try this simple exercise to see how uplifting forgiveness can be â€"If you haven’t been talking to a friend or colleague for a long time due to a misunderstanding caused. Pick up the phone and call them and ask for their forgiveness. Once you’ve gotten through the hardest part of letting go of your ego, you’ll realize that it’s easier to forgive and to ask for forgiveness. After you’ve successfully completed your first act of asking for forgiveness, it’s time to forgive someone that’s done you wrong in the past. Once you’ve understood what it’s like to forgive and to be forg iven, you’ll truly feel liberated from the mental pain that’s been agonizing you for years. Speaking of which, we’ve provided 8 valuable quotes below and an explanation behind their hidden meaning to help rid yourself of ego and practice a forgiving and meaningful life.1. We must develop and maintain the capacity to forgive. He who is devoid of the power to forgive is devoid of the power to love. There is some good in the worst of us and some evil in the best of us. When we discover this, we are less prone to hate our enemies.   â€"   Martin Luther King, Jr.In this quote, we learn that human beings are capable of selfish deeds a well as great deeds. A single act of arrogance doesn’t necessarily dictate an individual’s entire life. Hence, by forgiving, you show your act of compassion and every day, you wake up you’ll know that you’ve been the better man or woman to forgive others.2. The heart of a mother is a deep abyss at the bottom of which you will always find forgi veness. â€" Honore de BalzacThe mother’s heart has no limits to how much she can forgive her own child for every little mistake he commits. We too should find the bottomless pit of forgiveness in us and forgive people until our ego sheds itself and shatters.3. The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute of the strong. â€" Mahatma Gandhi The act of forgiving takes courage to forget the past and look towards the future. It’s easier to stop talking to someone once they’ve hurt us but it’s incredibly hard to allow them back into our lives by forgiving them. Hence, forgiveness is a trait of strength.4. When you forgive, you in no way change the past but you sure do change the future. â€"   Bernard MeltzerWhen you absolve someone of their sins, you undoubtedly change the future for both your lives. Instead of having a silent future, the other person can share your happiness once again. The power to change the future, topples an egotistic mind.5. There is no love with out forgiveness, and there is no forgiveness without love. â€"   Bryant H. McGillYou don’t fully love someone if you don’t have the power to forgive them. When you love someone unconditionally, you should also possess the power to forgive them for their wrongdoings. Without forgiveness, there exists no love.6. To err is human; to forgive, divine. â€"   Alexander Pope Every human is bound to commit a mistake but a human that can forgive someone’s errors is truly a magnificent being. Simple message yet powerful.7. Always forgive your enemies nothing annoys them so much. â€"   Oscar WildeYour enemies will expect you to hate them after their wrongdoings. It’s time to surprise them by openly forgiving them and seeing their disappointed faces. No one expects people to forgive them so easily, when you do it unconditionally, you’ll be a walking miracle.8. Inner peace can be reached only when we practice forgiveness. Forgiveness is letting go of the past and is, therefore, the mea ns for correcting our misperceptions. â€"   Gerald Jampolsky Imagine walking around with a huge rock on top of your head for several years. It’s torturous. That’s what happens when we carry around hate and contempt for other people’s wrongdoings. By forgiving them, we aren’t just absolving them of their sins and moving towards the future, but we also throw away the rock we’ve been carrying for so long and experience a blissful existence.These quotes alone won’t affect your life if there isn’t any meaningful action from your side. Practice shedding your ego every day, if you receive the chance to forgive someone, do it. The next time you find out your pet dog has made the house a mess, don’t scream at the little one but instead and pet him to show that your forgiveness isn’t just limited to humans. 2. Gain ConfidenceEgotistic individuals lack self-esteem and are extremely insecure in nature. They show a false sense of confidence to keep up appearances. If you feel l ike keeping up a perfect image for the sake of your own ego is exhausting, then it’s time to surrender your selfishness and begin to act like the person you are underneath. Get started on a journey towards attaining self-confidence. Here are some warning signs not to mix up self-confidence with egotism.Listen but never follow the adviceEgo causes you to think you’re already following the best advice. And reading an article such as this is bad information. Sadly, it’s up to you to decide whether you need advice or would like to live a life based on mental suffering at every turn due to your own ill-informed advice. It’s important to put action to the words you’ve heard. To keep your ego in check, you’ll need to evaluate the feedback you’re receiving about your behavior and take immediate action. If you’ve heard a friend pass a comment such as “Stop being so full of yourself.” It means you’ve been hijacking the conversation with your achievements the whole time. Give others a chance to talk. Always respect another people’s opinion even if you don’t share it. Everyone has the right to speak and offer their validated response, don’t spend time arguing about why you’re right, instead try to find a solution to why you’re wrong. You do everything yourselfSelf-help is great if you can perform the task efficiently. Trying to fix a leak in your bathroom instead of calling a professional plumber is a sign of ego. In the end, you’ll end up worsening the situation. Also, egotistic individuals self-medicate instead of seeking medical help, this can be disastrous and even fatal. Don’t be obsessed with how much you know, instead seek help during a problematic situation. 3. Be GratefulGratitude is a sign of recognition and keeps your ego at check. When one is filled with gratitude, it’s impossible to be filled with ego at the same time. Hence, it’s necessary to practice forms of gratitude even if you aren’t used to it. Here are some wa ys to start. Maintain a Gratitude JournalWrite down a list of experiences of the whole day and what brought you deep levels of happiness and fulfillment in this journal. Encourage questions such as â€"What inspired me the most today?What is the happiest moment of my life?What brought me comfort in times of distress?Who is the one person that I’d like to thank today?Did I show gratitude to my mom and dad for their selfless affection?Is there someone that I haven’t thanked but should have thanked in the past?This journal should only keep happy thoughts and all the things that you’re grateful for. Every time you open the book, it’ll fill your life with positivity. Add more things to the journal as time goes on. Another great idea is to add images to the journal of happy moments you experienced in life. Maybe you met your spouse for the first time?A winning moment during your sporting days?or you met your best friend for the first time? A special image can be attached to the jou rnal to remind you of these wonderful times. Take a Gratitude Walk Every Weekend A gratitude walk is a special time that you spend between yourself and your mind to think of all the things you’re grateful for. Think of all the loving relationships you’ve made along the way. Stop and look around the world and be thankful for being alive today. Pay special attention to your senses and be grateful for your job, your home, your family, your parents, and special occasions. Do maintain a gratitude walk every week without missing out on it. A routine such as this breaks down the ego into little bits and pieces, never to see them again. Additionally, you’ll be filled with positive energy after the walk and will be in a much happier mood. Write a Thank-you Letter to Your Special OnesGratitude is a powerful form of expression. When someone receives gratitude, they are overwhelmed by emotions. Take the time out of your day and write a hand-written letter to a friend that was with you thr ough your tough times. Show gratitude to your professor or teachers from your high school that helped you shape your life. Utilize words of expression in your letters and don’t forget to include a moment that was special between the two of you. With gratitude, you can make them feel special and you’ll get rid of any trace of egotism in the long run of things.It’s a good idea to attach a small gift to the letter to show your sincerest gratitude for the time they’ve been with you. It doesn’t need to be an expensive gift, just pick out something that the special someone would prefer, this demonstrates that you remembered their favorite choices and it creates a special bond.4. Alone TimeTo understand yourself better, take a day out in search of adventure. Ego settles only when we allow it to. Go outdoors, grab your camera, sunscreen, and take pictures of nature such as pine trees, birds, buildings, and other beautiful exotic objects. What this activity does is show you that li fe isn’t bottled around a small incident and that life can be much more if you allow it to. If you don’t know what you should be doing by yourself. Here are some fun activities to considerPractice selfless love. Promise yourself that you’ll do at least one generous act like feeding a homeless person or spending time doing 30 minutes of community serviceSpend time feeding the homeless at a homeless shelter. This experience will surely break your ego to understand how unfortunate people areTake time off from work for your family. Most egotistic individuals are workaholics and refuse to spend time with their familyDestress yourself by hitting the local bar or listening to some music. Don’t let your head fill itself with negative thoughtsPhysical exercise is a great way to allow positive energy into your life. Hit the local gym or go cycling Meditating is another powerful source to understand your inner self better and shed the ego identity. The art of meditation is believed to bring you back to your true conscious state without living in fantasy. Meditation destresses the mind and allows you to think of solutions to your problems. Here’s a simple step-by-step meditative technique to help you with your ego fix.Step 1: Place a yoga mat on the floor, and simply lie down comfortably with your hands apart. Remain in this position for a full minute.Step 2: Close your eyes and begin to take deep breaths. Don’t focus on anything but the flow of your breath. Do this for 2 minutes. Step 3: Observe the movement of your body with every breath you inhale and slowly exhale out. Step 4: Stop deep breathing and return to your normal breathing phase while keeping your eyes closed.Step 5: Lie down for an additional 2 minutes with your eyes closed and visualize yourself in a happy moment from the past. Gently relax your facial muscles and smile as wide as you can. Step 6: Open your eyes and slowly get back up. And that’s it. Repeat this exercise every time you feel an xious, anger, or frustration. It will calm you back to your true self. The meditative process takes less than 8 minutes to complete and will fully connect you to your inner self and will gradually reduce negative energy. Within a month’s time, you’ll understand the benefits of humility and conscious living.CONCLUSIONEgo is like a house of mirrors, in every direction you’ll see a reflection of you staring back at you. When someone is obsessed with themselves to the point he or she sees nothing else, they will be desperate for attention in every discussion. This false sense of superiority always creates a comparison with others and you’ll end up the undisputed winner in all arguments. Remember to shatter the mirror of egotism and embrace others as your equal. The true spirit of living lies in humility, appreciation, and forgiveness.

Rhetorical Analysis Of Plato s Republic - 1412 Words

In Plato’s Republic he has many examples of rhetoric. In regards to the controversial topic of women and eugenics in which Plato is almost forced into mentioning because of Adeimantus and Glaucon, he uses various rhetorical statements to portray his view on the matter. His readers believe women should be equal, so Plato attempts to persuade his readers into thinking he believes the same. For example, in the passage on women and family Plato states, â€Å"we shall assign these to each accordingly; but if the only difference apparent between them is that the female bears and the male begets, we shall not admit that this is the difference relevant for our purpose, but shall still maintain that our male and female Guardians ought to follow the same occupations† (164). He uses the women are equal and can do the same things as men strategy in order to make Athenian men understand what he is trying to say while still stroking their egos by using rhetoric. Men are in general ar e hard to persuade when it comes to power, so as a result Plato gives a sense of gender equality while at the same time still giving men the upper hand. Now let us take a look into the background of the story. Plato gives his ideals on a perfect society and everything it should include. He basically implies that justice is rightness, and rightness is whatever he feels it should be. He breaks society down into guardians, wage earners, and auxiliaries. Wage earners are people such as surgeons or shoemakers.Show MoreRelatedSummary : Professional Accomplishments Essay1637 Words   |  7 Pagesdissemination) of the author s voice in different directions, which are charted by the voices of narration (sometimes multistorey), characters and further yet: by various cultural codes and literary conventions, world view of a period, group, environment, background, also by an anticipated audience. On the other hand, I was concerned with the poetics of the reader s reception. Referring to the t heoreticians of reading (including Pierre Bourdieu and Stanley Fish), I viewed the reader s communing with a literaryRead MoreA Critical Note on New Historicism Essay2751 Words   |  12 Pagesof criticism are found in Greek literature. In the fifth and fourth centuries B.C., Athens was the lap of literary enterprises. So the critical activity was first undertaken by Plato and his eternal disciple Aristotle. This preliminary era of criticism is termed as Hellenic, means Greek, period of criticism. Plato’s Republic is looked upon as the first critical book in which he expresses the ideas regarding the literary and poetic process. It is then Aristotle who in real sense commenced the criticalRead MoreTheories of Organizational Behavior10512 Words   |  43 Pagesmethods, and levels of analysis. Some of the major ways of division are into modern, symbolic, and postmodern or micro organizational behavior—which refers to individual and group dynamics in an organizational setting and macro strategic management and organizational theory which studies whole organizations and industries. Concepts of meso - primarily interested in power, culture, and the networks of individuals and units in organizations and field level analysis which study how whole populationsRead MoreThe Athenian And Roman Empires7856 Words   |  32 PagesSecond Sophistic, 18, 25. Haberstroh 4 Asclepius.15 Aristides is a useful source for the study of cities in the Roman Empire during the middle of the second century AD, primarily for his orations in honor of various cities.16 What follows is an analysis of the Panathenaicus and the Roman Oration. Special attention is paid to instances when Athens or Rome are characterized as being the only (monos) city to accomplish something as well as the philanthropy of the two cities. Two conclusions standRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore

The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald - 980 Words

The green light is a significant symbol closely associated with Gatsby’s dream. Readers are first introduced to the green light near the very beginning of the novel; it is located at the end of Daisy’s dock. Nick, the narrator of the novel, sees Gatsby peculiarly reaching out towards the water, so curiously, Nick goes to further observe what Gatsby is looking at and he sees ...nothing except a single green light, minute and far away, that might have been the end of a dock (25). The green light is a representation of Gatsby’s hopes and dreams for his future. Gatsby’s reaching for the light represents his struggle to reach his goal, regaining Daisy as his companion. Gatsby’s mission to win Daisy becomes broadly associated with the American Dream. As long as long as Gatsby continues admiring the green light his hopes and dreams will continue to exist. As the novel progresses Nick discovers more about his neighbor Gatsby. Nick learns that Gatsby bought his particular house because it was the closest he could get to Daisy across the bay. Gatsby’s believes his luxurious mansion and his life style is an essential component to help him fulfill his dream. The symbol of the green light becomes even more distinct when Gatsby decides to show Daisy it. He says, If it wasnt for the mist we could see your home across the bay... You always have a green light that burns all night at the end of your dock† The color green is symbolic of Gatsbys drive-his drive for Daisy, as well as hisShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1393 Words   |  6 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald was the model of the American image in the nineteen twenties. He had wealth, fame, a beautiful wife, and an adorable daughter; all seemed perfect. Beneath the gilded faà §ade, however, was an author who struggled with domestic and physical difficulties that plagued his personal life and career throughout its short span. This author helped to launch the theme that is so prevalent in his work; the human instinct to yearn for more, into the forefront of American literature, where itRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1343 Words   |  6 PagesHonors English 10 Shugart 18 Decemeber 2014 The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald s 1925 novel The Great Gatsby is a tragic love story, a mystery, and a social commentary on American life. The Great Gatsby is about the lives of four wealthy characters observed by the narrator, Nick Carroway. Throughout the novel a mysterious man named Jay Gatsby throws immaculate parties every Saturday night in hope to impress his lost lover, Daisy Buchanan. Gatsby lives in a mansion on West Egg across from DaisyRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1155 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Gatsby The Jazz Age was an era where everything and anything seemed possible. 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The usage of the literary theories of both Biographical and Historical lenses provide a unique interpretation of the Great Gatsby centered aroundRead MoreThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald845 Words   |  3 PagesIn F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, colors represent a variety of symbols that relate back to the American Dream. The dream of being pure, innocent and perfect is frequently associated with the reality of corruption, violence, and affairs. Gatsby’s desire for achieving the American Dream is sought for through corruption (Schneider). The American Dream in the 1920s was perceived as a desire of w ealth and social standings. Social class is represented through the East Egg, the WestRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesrespecting and valuing Fitzgerald work in the twenty-first century? Fitzgerald had a hard time to profiting from his writing, but he was not successful after his first novel. There are three major point of this essay are: the background history of Fitzgerald life, the comparisons between Fitzgerald and the Gatsby from his number one book in America The Great Gatsby, and the Fitzgerald got influences of behind the writing and being a writer. From childhood to adulthood, Fitzgerald faced many good andRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald2099 Words   |  9 Pagesauthor to mirror his life in his book. In his previous novels F. Scott Fitzgerald drew from his life experiences. He said that his next novel, The Great Gatsby, would be different. He said, â€Å"In my new novel I’m thrown directly on purely creative work† (F. Scott Fitzgerald). He did not realize or did not want it to appear that he was taking his own story and intertwining it within his new novel. In The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, he imitates his lifestyle through the Buchanan family to demonstrateRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1607 Words   |  7 Pages The Great Gatsby is an American novel written in 1925 by F. Scott Fitzgerald. One of the themes of the book is the American Dream. The American Dream is an idea in which Americans believe through hard work they can achieve success and prosperity in the free world. In F. Scott Fitzgerald s novel, The Great Gatsby, the American Dream leads to popularity, extreme jealousy and false happiness. Jay Gatsby’s recent fortune and wealthiness helped him earn a high social position and become one of the mostRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1592 Words   |  7 PagesMcGowan English 11A, Period 4 9 January 2014 The Great Gatsby Individuals who approach life with an optimistic mindset generally have their goals established as their main priority. Driven by ambition, they are determined to fulfill their desires; without reluctance. 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Creating An Effective Curriculum Free Essays

string(88) " many more individuals who are interested in what different child care attacks provide\." Part 1: Sum up the cardinal beliefs the theoretical account promotes sing the acquisition and development of immature kids. Part 2: Supply an lineation of the theoretical influences that have been used in the development of the course of study theoretical account. What theories have influenced the current theoretical account and how are they reflected. We will write a custom essay sample on Creating An Effective Curriculum or any similar topic only for you Order Now Part 3: Sketch the cardinal scheduling and course of study elements the selected theoretical account uses for planning and puting up the acquisition environment. The paper will necessitate to sketch how elements of observation, planning and execution are used. Part 4: Supply a sum-up of the types of appraisal and certification schemes used to measure ongoing acquisition and program subsequent chances. Part 5: Using the ELECT papers rules used in the class, measure if and how the selected theoretical account supports the six nucleus rules. Include specific illustrations of how the single elements are supported by the theoretical account. Supply a set of recommendations for how the ELECT elements can be better supported in the theoretical account being researched, by pedagogues working in an early acquisition environment. Important: This assignment will be completed separately. All assignments must run into academic criterions of authorship, including referencing. Plagiarism is academic discourtesy. Assignments must be stapled, and have a cover sheet with your name, class name, teacher name, and due day of the month. This assignment is deserving 35 % of your grade, and will be marked following the affiliated marker rubric. Taging Rubric: Curriculum Model Research Paper Aims non met 0 Markss Partially met outlooks 1 grade Met the basic outlooks as outlined for assignment 2marks Met the basic outlooks and besides provided some extra information to supply a clearer apprehension of subject 3marks Aims Thoroughly Met ( Comprehensive research and treatment of subject to the full supported with statements ; critical thought demonstrated. 4 Markss Provided a clear debut to paper sketching subject to be researched. Clearly identified cardinal beliefs built-in in course of study attack Cleary identified the assorted theories underlying theoretical account ‘s beliefs Who? and How? ) Explained the function of observations in the theoretical account – How they are done. – Purpose of observations Explain how the initial planning is done utilizing the course of study theoretical account. – How learning experiences are determined. – How curriculum programs are recorded/tracked. – Function of the squad in planning. Explain how course of study is implemented. – Particular construction that needs to be used. – How are stuffs and infinite used? – How does the theoretical account ‘s usage of clip impact the continuance of the acquisition experiences? – Educator ‘s function during assorted facets of course of study. Sum up the types of appraisal schemes used in this course of study theoretical account. – Identified the function of appraisal in the course of study attack. What is the function of certification in this course of study attack? Used clear illustrations to explicate how this attack supports ELECT rule: Early kid development sets the foundation for womb-to-tomb acquisition, behaviour and wellness. Used clear illustrations to explicate how this attack supports ELECT rule: Partnerships with households and communities strengthen the ability of early childhood scenes to run into the demands of immature kids. Used clear illustrations to explicate how this attack supports ELECT rule: Respect for diverseness, equity, and inclusion are requirements for honouring kids ‘s rights, optimum development, and acquisition. Used clear illustrations to explicate how this attack supports ELECT rule: A planned course of study supports early acquisition. Used clear illustrations to explicate how this attack supports ELECT rule: Play is a agency to early acquisition that capitalizes on kids ‘s natural wonder and exuberance. Used clear illustrations to explicate how this attack supports ELECT rule: Knowing, antiphonal early childhood professionals are indispensable. Provided clear and concrete recommendations for how curriculum theoretical account can break back up the ELECT rules. Provided a clear set of reasoning comments sing what was learned from the research conducted. 0 Not done 1 Not done satisfactorily 2 Met satisfactorily Paper is organized, stapled and include screen. Academic criterion of English and grammar is used. Multiple beginnings of information are reflected in research. Mentions are formatted to A.P.A. manner. Entire MARK / 72 /35 Abstraction A Childs are adventurers and love to look into what is traveling on around them. Imagine if their whole twenty-four hours was spent in anA environment with beautyA formed by their ain creativeness? A Having the chance to play with natural and unfastened endedA stuffs of their ownA involvements, guidanceA from pedagogues to build their acquisition and believing on exciting subjects, and most significantly holding their households be greatly involved in their twenty-four hours, the larning results of each kid would be concrete and long lasting. These are the sorts of chances provided by pedagogues from the Reggio Emilia Approach, found by research worker and instructor Loris Malguzzi. â€Å" Creativity seems to emerge from multiple experiences, coupled with a well-supported development of personal resources, including a sense of freedom to venture beyond the known † ( Loris Malaguzzi, The Hundred Languages of Children, ch. 3, by Carolyn Edwards ( 1993 ) . This essay will be discoursing what the Reggio Emilia Approach is, and which constructivist theories influence the Reggio Emilia course of study. It will besides bring out the course of study elements and cardinal scheduling used in the attack and in conclusion how its attack supports the six rules of the ELECT papers used in Ontario. The subjects discussed in this paper will be based on the research found in the book Authentic Childhood Experiencing Reggio Emilia in the Classroom by Susan Fraser and besides on-line beginnings. A A A A A A First of all, what is the Reggio Emilia Approach? This inquiry arises amongst many people like, research workers in kid surveies, parents looking for child care, pedagogues looking to work, the authorities when looking to see statistics to see what course of study theoretical account has a successful result of quality child care and many more individuals who are interested in what different child care attacks provide. You read "Creating An Effective Curriculum" in category "Essay examples"A In relation to this, the Reggio Emilia Approach was found by an early instruction specializer from a town in North Italy called Reggio Emilia his name was Loris Malaguzzi ( 1920-1994 ) . Malaguzzi ‘s vision attracts the universe through his drama and undertaking based course of study, kids play and pedagogues guide their drama into undertakings that involvement them. The attack is a combination of rules that build the kid centred environment and course of study. â€Å" Collaboration † is when everyone works together and includes parents, pedagogues, communities and the kids ; â€Å" the image of the child-conceptualizing an image of the kid as competent, imaginative, and full of thoughts † ( Fraser, 2000, Page 8 ) . The â€Å" environment † is known as the 3rd instructor as it is carefully set up by pedagogues to dispute the kid ‘s wonder and acquisition. â€Å" Documenting † is a show of what the kid ‘s experiences are shown through linguistic communication and creativeness. â€Å" Aggravation † is when pedagogues listen carefully to what the kids are stating and farther steer the ideas and achievements. Plans and probes are besides made by everyone involved, which is known as â€Å" progettazione † . A alone rule found in the Reggio Emilia attack is the â€Å" one hundred linguistic communi cations of kids † which means that the kids use many different resources and stuffs to â€Å" do symbolic representations of thoughts that may originate † ( Fraser, 2000, Page 8 ) . The rules from the Reggio Emilia Approach besides include uninterrupted drama. As a whole it is an exciting acquisition environment for the kids, pedagogues and parents all co-learning together. As a 2nd point, allow ‘s discourse which theories influence the Reggio Emilia course of study. For case in a Montessori school the doctrine will be of Maria Montessori and the twenty-four hours will be planned out utilizing didactic stuffs and consecutive stairss based on her research on kid surveies. The Reggio Emilia Approach is non merely based on one doctrine like the Montessori but it is really based on a figure of different philosophers. including Jean Piaget ‘s theory for the sequences of cognitive development, Lev Vygotsky theory for the societal facets of acquisition and the importance of drama, Jean Dewey ‘s theory for the function of drama, human nature and â€Å" sing the kid in the context of the household and society † ( Fraser,2000, Page14 ) , Hugh Gardiner ‘s theory of multiple intelligences, Urie Bronfenbrenner ‘s theory on the environment, Barbara Biber ‘s theory included coaction and positive ego image, and there may be mo re. As a consequence of holding so many doctrines combined in the Reggio Emilia Approach, it is known to be a theoretical account, concentrating on the whole kid, development, environment, drama, household engagement, self image controlled by pedagogues truly understanding how to steer kids to show their feelings, and how kids use their multiple intelligence and symbolic linguistic communication. The 3rd subject this paper is turn toing, what are the course of study elements and cardinal scheduling used in Reggio Emilia Schools? Curriculum is what the kids learn from and the experiences they have when being cared for in a kid attention Centre. Key scheduling is the ends and agendas that a school may hold. Traditionally a batch of early child care Centres would be after what toys and activities the kids would play with and so assist and learn the kids how to utilize them or how to make an activity and so a study may be written to demo parents how the kid is acquiring along harmonizing to the kid ‘s development phase. In the Reggio Emilia Approach the course of study is really different to traditional instructor taught course of studies. It is planned by what the kids are interested in while playing and prosecuting in activities of their pick. Appraisal is used to be after what to make in the schoolroom based on a kid ‘s involvements. Its function in the undertaking procedure is to larn the kids ‘s behavior, to detect kids ‘s involvements, to revisit undertakings with the kids, to derive cognition on the kids ‘s capablenesss and as a tool to analyze kids. The Reggio Approach suggests that by measuring undertakings over and over once more, kids understand their ain inquiries. It besides stresses that parents, kids and pedagogues are co-learners. Additionally the principle for pedagogues is to measure alongside the kids. Educators facilitate instead than directing the kids. Educators assess by detecting and stepping in or stepping back whenever they need to. They besides ask of import inquiries that challenge the kids to calculate things out by their ain wonder. Documentation is besides used to be after the Reggio Approach. Here there are many different methods of certification from simple note signifier to â€Å" the more sophisticated electronic equipment, such as digital cameras, webs, audio recording equipments, and picture recording equipments † ( Fraser, 2000, Page 83 ) depending on what sort of observations are being made. The different experimental techniques are running records which are the method used more frequently, clip sampling, art shows, event sampling, anecdotal records, tape recording, sequences of exposure, shows of undertakings, and picture tapes. In the Reggio Approach certification is used every bit shortly as something happens, The journal of Laura a diary taken from a Reggio Centre in Italy provinces that instructors work closely with the kids taking notes, entering observations they think have intending toward the acquisition of that kid. Documentation is done when needed there ‘s non merely specific timings, notes can be taken at any clip, Documentation is done to further appraisal and planning towards undertakings that kids want to get down or are already working towards. The Reggio Emilia Approach does non hold an organized planned course of study it is really really self-generated and is built harmonizing to single or group involvements of the kids. To stress that the course of study is self-generated and is planned on the involvement of the kids pedagogues use different methods of observations at any clip. There are many ways to detect in the Reggio Approach. Note pickings is one manner to detect, they besides use journals to compose contemplations on observations, picture taking, picture, sound, written, watching drama and careful hearing to conversations. Parental observations are taken at place and noted. The principle for the parent appraisals are that they know their kids best and kids are carefully observed on how the environment is used. The Reggio Emilia Approach suggests that kids speak one hundred symbolic linguistic communications and they use observations to find and understand what these linguistic communications are. To clear up, obse rvations are used for appraisal, certification, planning and implementing the course of study. With this in head the pedagogue ‘s function is to steer the natural wonder and acquisition of the kids, and the environment is known as the 3rd instructor. â€Å" The kids are small research workers. They can and desire to pass on with the environing universe † ( Reggio Emilia Philosophy, www.education.com ) . There are many factors that have to be taken into history when it comes to the function of observations and implementing. â€Å" The determination to transport out observations is normally the consequence of a inquiry that has arisen about a kid or a group of kids and their behavior or activities in the Centre † . ( Fraser, 2000, Page 81 ) Similarly, other factors have of import functions in implementing the acquisition procedure, for illustration clip is of import. Children need tonss of clip to work on on-going undertakings. In the Reggio Emilia Approach there are no clip limits on undertakings. Children work on undertakings every bit long as they are still interested. Space and layout is carefully set up for dramatic drama, H2O drama, block drama, physical and use, art and creativeness, out-of-door drama, and quiet clip country. This encourages societal accomplishments, job work outing accomplishments, doing personal picks and squad work methods. â€Å" Teachers carefully form infinites for little and big group undertakings and little confidant infinites for one, two and three kids † . ( About Reggio Emilia doctrine, www.education.com ) The environment is made to look beautiful and inviting. Another factor in implementing the course of study procedure is that the resources that are provided by the pedagogue, another of import function of the pedagogue. Materials are carefully chosen they can be natural stuffs, playthings, games, H2O drama, originative stuffs, unfastened ended stuffs, blocks, mystifiers, books, sand playthings, or even dress up apparels for dramatic drama. Children use the stuffs so they can play and foster their acquisition. To pull strings and get down the procedure of undertakings the pedagogues use positive linguistic communication and encouragement to assist kids larn how to show their emotions. Educators plan team meetings to discourse the observations and planning. Parents are ever welcome to fall in or assist do determinations. Meetings are used to be after what stuffs need to be taken out, how the environment should be set up, what is needed for undertakings that are emerging and besides what things need to be changed. The Reggio Emilia Approach is really similar to the emergent course of study. A batch of the factors used in Reggio are used in the emergent course of study, but the emergent course of study emphasizes development and involvement and Reggio emphasizes on involvement. The concluding point to discourse in this paper is about how the Reggio Emilia Approach uses all six rules of the ELECT papers. In the Reggio Emilia Approach there is a nexus to the first rule of the ELECT papers which is â€Å" Early kid development sets the foundation for womb-to-tomb acquisition, behaviour and wellness † An illustration of this is that journals are shown to parents, each undertaking is based on being kid centered and play based which means that it has to be developmentally appropriate, each appraisal is done to calculate out the involvements of the kid and each kid is observed to their ain developmental phase and long term undertakings are used so pedagogues can see how kids are turning and are developing their acquisition. Besides there are assorted doctrines used in the Reggio Approach one in peculiar linked to the different phases and sequences of development are the doctrine of Piaget. The 2nd rule of the ELECT papers is â€Å" Partnerships with households and communities strengthen the ability of early childhood scenes to run into the demands of kids † . The nexus to the Reggio Emilia Approach to the 2nd rule are that parents work as carbon monoxide scholars with pedagogues and kids in the Reggio Emilia attack and exposure are displayed around the Centre for the kids to hold a reminder of place. The 3rd rule of the ELECT papers is â€Å" Respect for diverseness, equity and inclusion are requirements for honouring kids ‘s rights, optimum development and acquisition: . The following nexus to The Reggio Emilia Approach is parents are of import, one influence is the doctrine of Bronfenbrenner, â€Å" everyone involved -children, parents and teacher pay an built-in portion in what is known as the circle of we † ( Fraser, page.102 ) Reggio Centre ‘s regard and support households, civilizations and all diverse state of affairss, in add-on to this, the Approach besides brings households together, larning about the different households, civilizations, nutrient and dressing up. The 4th rule of the ELECT papers is â€Å" A planned course of study supports early acquisition † . This rule is met by the undertakings that take topographic point in the Reggio schools, undertakings are worked on in deepness and item, the kid centered attack and kids ‘s involvement program the course of study. â€Å" The Reggio Emilia Approach can be defined hence as â€Å" contextual † , that is, it is determined by the duologue among kids, instructors and the environment environing them † ( The Reggio Emilia Approach – Truly listening to immature kids, www.oecd.org ) . The 5th rule is â€Å" Play is a agency to early acquisition that capitalizes on kids ‘s natural wonder and exuberance † , this rule is linked to the Reggio Emilia Approach The Reggio Approach is play based and has the same doctrine to the ELECT and the Emergent which is that kids learn and grow through different types of drama. â€Å" The word â€Å" drama † is non a often used word in The Reggio Approach, although as seen above, self-generated drama and drama valued as â€Å" meaningful acquisition † figure among the ends for larning and development. ( The Reggio Emilia Approach – Truly listening to immature kids, www.oecd.org ) , in add-on to this the Reggio Emilia Approach besides states that drama is used to picture 100 different linguistic communications through symbolic linguistic communications. The last rule, rule six is â€Å" Knowing, antiphonal early childhood professionals are indispensable † . This rule is besides linked to Reggio Emilia ‘s Approach, as Reggio Centers have instructors with extended staff development ; instructors make ends for them self and instructors besides learn alongside the kids heightening their apprehension of kids. Another illustration of this rule is that the pedagogues of Reggio schools sometimes are non qualified but learn from the other instructors and through each day-to-day experience with the kids. In decision to this paper it shows that it can take a figure of doctrine ‘s to make a high quality theoretical account, and that non merely one doctrine is better than another, but each doctrine really compliments one another, likewise it proves that kids do n’t needfully necessitate to be taught by a instructor but can larn by holding the chance to build their ain acquisition through a kid centered attack. In add-on this paper besides shows that the function of drama, civilization, parents, pedagogues, the environment, observations, appraisal, certification, and planning are all really of import to implement a kid ‘s acquisition to do up a theoretical account like the Reggio Emilia Approach. Finally this paper proves that the Reggio Emilia Approach follows an emergent course of study that can associate to all six rules of the model provided by the ELECT papers. How to cite Creating An Effective Curriculum, Essay examples

Construction Management for Civic Avenue Project - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theConstruction Management for Civic Avenue Project. Answer: Introduction The problems of carbon emission are one of the chief issue of concern when it comes to the deterioration of the environmental condition of the world as a whole. One of the primary contributors in the global emission of carbon, surprisingly, is the construction business all over the world. Building and constructions in fact accounts for 41% of the global energy use, whereas industrial and transportation sector accounts for 30% and 29% respectively. The materials used for the construction are also a primary source of emission of carbon dioxide, which in turn raises concerns regarding the degradation of the environmental conditions of the world as a whole (Turner and Collins 2013). Analysis of the construction project The Western Construction Company, established in 2005, has expressed interest to the tender of 13-15 Civic Avenue project in the Pendle Hill. To see the prospects of the company and its benefit from the project, a SWOT analysis of the same is done in the following section: Strength of the Project: The location of the proposed project is highly prospective as the location is Pendle Hill which is continually gaining popularity The project is mainly of building a plush residential as well as commercial facilities, which will attract consumers of high income and upper middle class strata The project design shows proper provisions for garbage disposal and fire evacuation and fire management facility (Yuan 2013) The spacious apartments in each floor and altogether a twenty storied facility is expected to make space for many customers which can be profitable for the company. The project being a corner plot has a proper scope of utilization of sunlight according to different time of the day, which in turn, makes the flats on both the sides of each floor attractive, which in turn is expected to raise the demand for the flat high. The project has a parking lot in the basement which can accommodate the vehicles of the potential owners of the building according to the parking ratio, as suggested in the construction plan There are provisions of parking for the differently able residents which are situated such that they can easily get in and get out of the building in case of emergency (McGeorge and Zou 2012) The project also has provisions for commercial facilities and proper parking space and loading and unloading facilities for the retail stores Weakness of the project: The project though has been designed such that there are few greeneries in the complex, however, fails to take into account the overall environmental prospects as there are not many trees or greeneries kept, which goes against the sustainability and environment protection goals of the Western Construction Company The construction of the building, as per the design of the project might be substantially risky, especially according to the plans of the third and fourth floor, which may have the possibility of causing injury to the labour while the construction is in progress (Helms and Nixon 2010) The construction of the new project requires new and innovative technologies which may be difficult for those construction companies which employ traditional techniques as well as traditional labor force because they might find it difficult to implement the new technologies. The huge expanse of the project implies that huge amount of resources will be required at the beginning as well as throughout the project which automatically rules out the chance of small businesses and new entries to take up the project Opportunities of the Project: The project involving both residential and commercial project poses substantial opportunities for revenue generation for the company who will be undertaking the building project The project has immense chance of building up fruitful and profitable relations with the investors, which may be of huge positive implications for the company undertaking the project in the long run. This project can also be an opportunity for the company to build up a potential management strategic framework and a well coordinated team in the company which may be beneficial for the same in taking up big construction projects in future (Fellows and Liu 2015) Threats in the Project: The area for storage and other facilities in the building is less than what is adequate for a twenty storied wide spread facility. This may work as a negative factor affecting the demand for the facility, especially by the commercial customers (Jewell, Flanagan and Lu 2014) The project being a substantially bigger one, involves great investment and the failure of such project can lead to great financial loss on part of the company, which is undertaking the project, and the investors linked in this project. References Fellows, R.F. and Liu, A.M., 2015.Research methods for construction. John Wiley Sons. Helms, M.M. and Nixon, J., 2010. Exploring SWOT analysiswhere are we now? A review of academic research from the last decade.Journal of strategy and management,3(3), pp.215-251. Jewell, C., Flanagan, R. and Lu, W., 2014. The dilemma of scope and scale for construction professional service firms.Construction Management and Economics,32(5), pp.473-486. McGeorge, D. and Zou, P.X., 2012.Construction management: new directions. John Wiley Sons. Turner, L.K. and Collins, F.G., 2013. Carbon dioxide equivalent (CO 2-e) emissions: a comparison between geopolymer and OPC cement concrete.Construction and Building Materials,43, pp.125-130. Yuan, H., 2013. A SWOT analysis of successful construction waste management.Journal of Cleaner Production,39, pp.1-8.

The relationship between educational institutions and students Essay Example

The relationship between educational institutions and students Essay The three scholarly articles on the relationship between educational institutions and students are very insightful. The centre of their attention is the influence of student’s economic class on the quality and content of education received. But more importantly, class continues to influence and determine the quality and nature of an individual’s life beyond and after schooling years. In other words, the three authors posit in three different ways that economic class that an American is born into predetermines their course of life. The rest of this essay will flesh out this thesis. The essay titled The Educated Global Citizen or Student Global Consumer? raises several important questions about the culture of education that has come to be accepted. Far from the ideal notions of education that the founding fathers of the nation envisioned, what we have today is the corporate takeover of schools and academies. The concept of advertising and sponsored programs have become so entrenched in the system that they no longer elicit a response of shock. Parents and educators have become desensitized to instructional video programs that contain embedded advertisements. The legitimacy of the classroom, with the authoritative figure of the teacher overseeing the program, students come to believe the content of the advertisement as truth. They are prone to believe that what they learn about science, mathematics and literature is on par with the content of the advertisement that is presented to them. Even common spaces within the premises of a school – such as a canteen – are not spared the blight of intrusive commercialization. For example, most school and college administrations have a deal with either Coca-Cola or Pepsi to be the official soft-drink provider within the campus. The same applies to the presence of McDonalds, StarBucks, Subway, etc in school canteens. Brand monopolies are thus allowed to exist in what is supposed to be a place for enlightenment. What business corporations are trying to achieve is to indoctrinate young minds into accepting certain brand loyalties. ‘If you catch them young they stay with you forever’ seems to be the motto of the major brands. While business interests profit and secure themselves of a young, loyal consumer base, the social consequences are disastrous. Instead of illuminating and stimulating young impressionable minds for creative thought and experimentation, our schools have turned into assembly lines for producing the next generation of passive obedient consumers. Hence, I totall y agree with the views presented in Benjamin Barber’s essay. We will write a custom essay sample on The relationship between educational institutions and students specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The relationship between educational institutions and students specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The relationship between educational institutions and students specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The analytical essay by Gregory Mantsios takes up the manifestation of class differentials in the education system. The author goes on to demystify some prevalent myths and denials surrounding educational opportunities. One of the chief denials blighting American culture is its refusal to accept class divisions in society. As he notes wryly, America has turned into a nation of middle-class people. It then begs the question what are the two ends of the spectrum that this great middle-class is placed in between? There are political reasons behind the propaganda of the ‘middle-class nation’. But evidence from the ground suggests that class is a significant determinant of several indicators of life. Primary among them are opportunity to education and quality of education. Upon these two factors impinge several social, economic and health consequences. To illustrate, those who were fortunate enough to graduate from Ivy League institutions have higher life expectancy, lesser i nstances of accidents, better rates of recovery from illnesses, live a more luxurious lifestyle, lesser chances of incarceration or prison terms, etc. So what Mantsios makes abundantly clear is that entry into prestigious educational institutions ensures a decidedly superior subsequent life experience for those fortunate students. For the rest, or the great majority of the nation’s children, the future is not as rosy. What we are witnessing here is an antagonistic relationship between education providers (in this case Ivy League institutions) and the vast majority of the population who are denied entry to them. In the third article perused for this essay, Social Class and the Hidden Curriculum of Work, author Jean Anyon talks about the variation in educational content across different schools. While Mantsios and Barber talk about the differentials in ‘quality’ of education, it is Anyon who expounds on what it entails. The common understanding is that schools in low socio-economic localities have poor amenities and facilities. While this is true, the most troubling aspect of these schools is how their curricula are markedly different to prestigious schools. It seems that poor students who are enrolled here are prepared for a career in clerical or other blue-collar jobs. This is in contrast with posh schools where the curricula are designed to prepare the next generation of doctors, lawyers and business leaders. Hence the very precept upon which the founding fathers emphasized the role of education in society stands defeated. Jean Anyon’s illustration of this ‘vocati onal’ imperative in curricular design strengthens the deep fissures along class lines in American society. In sum, all the three essays underscore the problematic or dysfunctional relationship between educators and students in American schools. References: Benjamin R. Barber, The Education Global Citizen or Student Global Consumer? Liberal Education, Spring 2002, p.22+ Gregory Mantsios, Class in America – 2003, Money and Success, p.307+ Jean Anyon, Social Class and the Hidden Curriculum of Work, Journal of Education, Vol. 162, no. 1, Fall 1980.

A Peoples History of the United Zinn A Kind of Revolution Essays

A Peoples History of the United Zinn A Kind of Revolution Essays A Peoples History of the United Zinn A Kind of Revolution Essay A Peoples History of the United Zinn A Kind of Revolution Essay Alana Martin October 18, 2010 APUS-3 Strong â€Å"A Kind of Revolution† If one were to look back on most of the tales of the American Revolution, they would see stories of full of patriotic heroes and colonists risking their lives for their country. Zinn on the other hand realizes that these stories are too good to be true and exposes the truth of the American Revolution. The fighters in the American Revolution all had purposes behind their gunshots, however very few of them were for independence. John Adams broke the colonists into thirds in their viewpoint of the war, one third in approval, one apposing, and the other neutral. However this did not include every single person, in what would later be known as the Unite States, at the time because Indians, free slaves, white servants and free poor white men were not approved to fight. Only in the most desperate times were the poor white men called in to battle. Even then the colonists were not all fighting for the same reasons. Howard Zinn recognizes that patriotism was not sweeping the nation rather peoples own self agenda. While the struggle between upper and lower classes was still occurring in the colonies, the lower classes were given an incentive to fight due to the possibility of being able to climb the social ladder. People were risking their lives not for the benefit of their country, but for themselves. Also Zinn points out that the great unity between all the colonists didn’t exists. Rarely were upper class citizens rushing to the battle fronts, they sat back comfortably as the lower classes worked to achieve that kind of comfort for themselves. The beginning battles were not won by the colonists, but the smaller and more essential ones were which eventually lead to the defeat of the British. In the end the upper classes push on the lower classes to join the war and even going so far as jailing those who did not fulfill their military duty paid off with their victory. The victory looks great in the textbooks, but Zinn points out it did not bring what most colonists believed they were fighting for. Although equality was promised, it wasn’t really true equality. Slaves were nowhere near equal o the upper class and the class structure that already exists didn’t change radically. Even farmers who were promised land for their military services I not receive what they expected on the other side. In addition the now free colonists were hungry for land and took this as their opportunity to seize all Indian land and never look back. Blacks also struggled to make their way in a white society while the whites struggled to get what they believed they deserved from this new government that they fought so hard to create. Howard Zinn exposes the American Revolution for what it was and not what it appeared to be. While it may seem that the colonists were fully united as one, each individual seemed to have their own reasons for why they actually fought the war for independence. Even after the war concluded, life did not result in what was promised and everyone seemed to be working at fighting just as hard as they were before the war. This story of the American Revolution may not be as glamorous but it is the undying truth.

Germany is the largest European consumer goods market Essay

Germany is the largest European consumer goods market - Essay Example The social market economy of Germany has made it very favorable since the formation of the federal republic. The policy makers have continuously pursued the parallel national goals of export driven economic growth as well as a national social cohesion that will ensure even the foreign investors are treated well and with respect just like the nationals of that country. This has been done through the robust system of social welfare programs. There are many government funded programs which in due time reduce economic disparities and affect every person who is in Germany. The result of this is that the citizens in Germany will be well to do and their incomes are going to be higher resulting to increased consumption and sales. When the investors from the different countries have a variety of products like the consumer goods which are not in Germany, the consumers will tend to try the new products as they have the finances. The law of demand applies here in that the higher income will increase the demand of the goods and will also go for the new products which are in the market the political leaders have shown a greater concern for the economy of the country by sacrificing to see to it that the social cohesion is obtained. Germany is the largest European consumer goods market. It has a very large population that ranges beyond 82 million people. This offers a wide market for the new goods in the form of clothe as the higher population creates a greater demand for the goods. The retail trade is the third revenue generator in Germany. The high population is in the higher proportion with the young generation who has high money volatility. They have a high definition of the new clothes and will there for favor the investments in that place. Their spending is very high especially on new things and will therefore consider taking the new consumer goods and therefore this can be a very good market. Germany is experiencing a low inflation rate. This ensures that the living standards are moderate and that the goods are not that expensive from the outside world and investments in that country. The living standards are therefore very low as compared to many other countries and therefore the spending power is very h igh. The domestic purchasing power in the recent years has experienced a stable growth even considering the economic crisis in the past few years that has seen the euro go down and some economies like that of Greece suffer but Germany has remained intact and has in fact ended up being the savior to these economies. The consumption level decreased by 0.5% in 2010, from the previous year. It is this that has made Germany one of the worlds thriving private consumer markets. [Andreas Falke, 2009] There are very many retail industries. In 2009 only, the retail revenue in the country was 398 billion which brings it at the top three retail markets in Europe together with France and UK. This has made it a home to a rich and diverse market surrounding. The small and medium sized enterprises have become part of this environment and there are more than 400,000 companies and 2.9 million employees thus making the retail sector among the most

HU300 unit 6 DB topic 1 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

HU300 unit 6 DB topic 1 - Research Paper Example The idea of this poem is to tell the students that a poem should not merely be read on its face value but they should try to see and feel the character and spirit of the poem. Since the poem is supposed to be an ‘introduction’ it is written in very simple words and hence very easily understandable. The teacher wants the students to appreciate the poem and asks them to approach it in a nonacademic way in which the mere purpose of reading is not just cramming. In the later stanzas, the poet says that his attempt to induce appreciation for the art does not succeed and the students continue to pursue poetry in the same old manner. The poet goes as far as to say that the students merely want some precise message out of it and that they think that there could only be one explanation of the poem whereas poetry is an art form which is enhanced by the interpretation of the reader. The second poem is the ‘Public Transportation’ by Elaine Sexton. The author is an emerging poet who has written a number of poems that have been very well received by the general audience and the critics alike. She conducts poetry workshops and has a passion for inculcating appreciation for this form of literature. Sexton believes that any form of poetry has an inner and a deeper message then what can be gleaned off from the meanings of the words. Her belief is truly represented in this poem where each person has his own background and things are different from what they appear to be. The poem is written out as a story and incorporates very simple vocabulary in its stanzas making it very easy to understand. Even though the title suggests that the poem is about ‘public transportation’, it has a very deep message that everything is not as it looks. The poem itself is an account of the protagonist as she travels in the bus and describes different aspects of it including the surroundings, the different passengers that board the bus

Founders Of Infosys Technologies Limited Commerce Essay

Founders Of Infosys Technologies Limited Commerce Essay Narayana Murthy is the Non-Executive Chairman and Chief Mentor of Infosys Technologies Limited. He is a living legend and an epitome of the fact that honesty, transparency, and moral integrity are not at variance with business acumen. He set new standards in corporate governance and morality when he stepped down as the Executive Chairman of Infosys at the age of 60. Born on August 20, 1946, N.R. Narayana Murthy is a B.E. Electrical from University of Mysore (1967) and M.Tech from IIT Kanpur (1969). Narayan Murthy began his career with Patni Computer Systems in Pune. In 1981, Narayana Murthy founded Infosys with six other software professionals. In 1987, Infosys opened its first international office in U.S.A. With the liberalization of Indian economy in 1990s, Infosys grew rapidly. In 1993, the company came up with its IPO. In 1995, Infosys set up development centers across cities in India and in 1996, it set up its first office in Europe in Milton Keynes, UK. In 1999, Infosys became the first Indian company to be listed on NASDAQ. Today (in 2006), Infosys has a turnover of more than $ 2billion and has employee strength of over 50,000. In 2002, Infosys was ranked No. 1 in the Best Employers in India 2002 survey conducted by Hewitt and in the Business Worlds survey of Indias Most Respected Company. Conducted in the same year. Along with the growth of Infosys, Narayana Moorthy too has grown in stature. He has received many honors and awards. In June 2000, Asiaweek magazine featured him in a list of Asias 50 Most Powerful People. In 2001, Narayana Murthy was named by TIME/CNN as one of the 25 most influential global executives. He was the first recipient of the Indo-French Forum Medal (2003) and was voted the World Entrepreneur of the Year 2003 by Ernst and Young. The Economist ranked Narayana Murthy eighth on the list of the 15 most admired global leaders (2005) and Narayan Murthy also topped the Economic Times Corporate Dossier list of Indias most powerful CEOs for two consecutive years 2004 and 2005. StartUp (http://www.citehr.com/118434-amazing-infosys-story-how-infosys-born.html) April 26, 2004 What makes Infosys tick? Extract from Infosys Technologies co-founder and CEO Nandan M Nilekanis interview to CIOL: Actually when Infosys was formed, all of us were working with Patni in Mumbai and Narayan Murthy was our boss there, heading the software group. The group strongly felt that there is a need to create a very professional company, one that was based on very strong ethics and values. We also wanted to create a company that really valued people. That is how we started. The fact of the matter is that there were many such companies that started at the same time during early 80s, however, what made us different was that we stuck it out-we realized that it was not a sprint but a marathon and we were long distance runners. We went through difficult times, but none of us digressed from the common vision. All of us believed that Infosys was bigger than any of us and we were willing to subordinate our egos and our desire to larger boats. I think that determination to create a world-class company, to stick together, willingness to keep Infosys ahead of any individual-perhaps these are the charact eristic not many people and companies had to the extent we had. Thats why we were able to last the marathon for last 23 years. Infosys Technologies is one of the few Indian companies that has changed the way the world looks at India. No longer is India a land of snake charmers and beggars. It is now perceived as an economic giant to reckon with, bursting with brilliant software engineers and ambitious entrepreneurs. And Infosys is an symbol of Indias information technology glory. Infosys has many firsts to its name: The first Indian firm to list on Nasdaq; the first to offer stock options to its employees. . . The company crossed $1 billion in revenues for the first time in 2004. TCS, however, was the first Indian IT firm to top $1-bn in revenues. Infosys is an organisation that inspires awe and respect, globally. On July 2, Infosys completed 25 years in existence. This is its amazing success story, illustrated by rare photographs. The idea of Infosys was born on a morning in January 1981. That fateful day, N R Narayana Murthy and six software engineers sat in his apartment debating how they could create a company to write software codes. Six months later, Infosys was registered as a private limited company on July 2, 1981. Infosys co-founder N S Raghavans house in Matunga, northcentral Mumbai, was its registered office. It was then known as Infosys Consultants Pvt Ltd. What was the companys starting capital? US $250. Murthy borrowed $250 from his wife Sudha to start the company. The front room of Murthys home was Infosys first office, although the registered office was Raghavans home. Who were Murthys six friends who joined hands to launch Infosys? Nandan Nilekani, N S Raghavan, S Gopalakrishnan, S D Shibulal, K Dinesh and Ashok Arora. Are all of them still the founding directors? Murthy is currently chief mentor and chairman while Nilekani is the chief executive officer and managing director. Gopalakrishnan, Shibulal and Dinesh are directors. Raghavan retired as joint managing director in 2000. He is currently the chairman of the advisory council of the N S Raghavan Centre for Entrepreneurial Learning at the Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore. Ashok Arora worked for the company till 1988 and left after selling his shares in the then unlisted company back to the other promoters. He moved to the United States where he now works as a consultant. Murthy was always broke Murthy was always broke. He always owed me money. We used to go for dinner and he would say, I dont have money with me, you pay my share, will return it to you later. For three years, I maintained a book of Murthys debts to me. No, he never returned the money and I finally tore it up after our wedding. The amount was a little over Rs 4,000. An excerpt from Sudha Murthys reminiscences. She is the wife of Infosys founder N R Narayana Murthy. Those days, Murthy wanted to do something with his life, but he had no money. Murthy was married to Sudha on February 10, 1978, while he was working with Patni Computers. In 1981, it was Murthys idea to start Infosys. Murthy had a dream, and no money. So Sudha gave him Rs 10,000, which she had saved without his knowledge. Murthy and his six colleagues started Infosys in 1981. No, it was not in Bangalore, but in Pune that Infosys set up its first office, in 1981. The house that Murthy and Sudha bought with a loan became the first Infosys office. As Murthy ran Infosys, Sudha took up a job as a systems analyst with the Walchand Group of Industries to support their household. In 1983, Infosys moved to Bangalore when it got its first client, Data Basics Corporation from the United States. The first mini computer arrived at Infosys in 1983. It was a Data General 32-bit MV8000. The very next year Infosys switched from mini to main frames with a CAMP application for a Data Basics customer A huge struggle, day in and day out When they began moving ahead with Infosys, the founders Murthy, Nilekani, Shibulal and the others took a firm decision that their wives would not be involved in the running of the company. So after Murthy, it was Nilekani and his wife Rohini who moved to Bangalore. But they had no house to stay. So the Nilekanis stayed with the Murthys at their Jayanagar home in Bangalore. Rohini took care of Murthys son as Sudha helped write software programmes for Infosys. There was no luxury, only struggle, day and night. They had no car, no phone. Murthy later recalled that it was not the luxuries of life, but the passion to create something new and innovative that made them keep going on and on and on. Despite the struggles, the Murthys, the Nilekanis and the other partners took time out for picnics in Bangalore The crisis, and how Infosys began to grow The first years of Infosys were not smooth. Most of the founders Murthy, Nilekani, Dinesh, Shibulal and Gopalkrishnan were into writing codes. And they wanted to make an impact in the American market. So Infosys got its first joint venture partners in Kurt Salmon Associates. Gopalakrishnan, who had spent time working in the United States, was the public face of the KSA-Infosys venture in America. But the joint venture collapsed in 1989, leaving Infosys in the lurch. Gopalakrishnan relives the memories of those days. We had nothing after eight years of trying to bring up a company. Those who studied with us had cars and houses, he says. The collapse of the KSA joint venture led Infosys to its first crisis. The company was on the verge of collapse. One of the founder-partners Ashok Arora was dejected with the way the company was going, and decided to quit. The others did not know what to do. But Murthy had the courage of conviction. If you all want to leave, you can. But I am going to stick (with it) and make it, Murthy told them. The other partners Nilekani, Gopalakrishnan, Shibulal, Dinesh and Raghavan decided to stay. And thus began to germinate the seeds of Infosys enormous growth. The Nasdaq listing It is said that Infosys began getting big breakthroughs from the US market. How? The initial foray of Infosys into the US market was through a company called Data Basics Corp as a body-shop or on-site developer of software for US customers. Later, Infosys formed a joint venture with Kurt Salmon Associates to handle marketing in the United States. Even today, Infosys derives about two-thirds of its revenue from the United States, serving corporate clients like Reebok, Visa, Boeing, Cisco Systems, Nordstrom and New York Life. Infosys is the largest publicly traded IT services exporter in India, providing services to 315 large corporations, such as GE and Nortel, predominantly in the USA. It was the first Indian company to list on the Nasdaq stock exchange in 1999. And the other Infosys group companies? Progeon Ltd: The Infosys BPO arm. Infosys Technologies (Shanghai) Company Limited: The companys base in China. Infosys Australia Pty Ltd: Infosys Australian venture. Infosys Consulting Inc: The companys foray into the consulting business. 25 years sheer determination, and growth In the last 25 years, Infosys has been growing and growing. Today, Infosys is Indias second largest software exporter. It now enjoys a strong liquidity position with over Rs 6,000 crore (Rs 60 billion) in assets, including surplus cash. During 2005-2006, the Infosys internal cash accruals more adequately covered working capital requirements, capital expenditure and dividend payments leaving a surplus of Rs 1,612 crore (Rs 16.12 billion). As on March 2006, the company had liquid assets including investments in liquid mutual funds of Rs 4,463 crore (Rs 44.63 billion). This collectively makes the liquidity strength of Infosys at Rs 6,078 crore (Rs 60.78 billion). Where are these funds parked? These funds have been deposited with banks, highly rated financial institutions and in liquid mutual funds. Infosys last year derived an average yield of 4.48 per cent (tax free) from these investments. The company received Rs 647 crore (Rs 6.47 billion) on exercise of stock options by employees and cash equivalents including liquid mutual funds increased by Rs 1,612 crore during 2005-06. Key milestones Year of Incorporation : 1981 Became a public limited company in India : 1992 ISO 9001/TickIT Certification : 1993 Attained SEI-CMM Level 4 : 1997 Listed on NASDAQ : 1999 Crossed $100 million in annual revenues : 1999 Attained SEI-CMM Level 5 : 1999 Crossed $400 million in revenues : 2001 Crossed $ half a billion in revenues : 2002 Crossed $ billion in revenues : 2004 Crossed $ 2 billion in revenues : 2006 Another Note on infosys INFOSYS CASE STUDY ÃÆ' ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Narayana Murthy and Infosys The case study ÃÆ' ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Narayana Murthy and Infosys describes how Narayana Murthy, set up Indias leading software company Infosys. Narayana Murthy turned a small software development venture that he had set up with his friends in 1981, into one of the leading companies of the country. Infosys grew rapidly throughout the 1990s Narayana Murthy distributed the companys profits among the employees through a stock-option program, and adopted the best corporate governance practices. All this earned him praise and respect. In 1999, the company became the first Indian firm to be listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market. In 2000, Infosys was poised to become a true global company.By 2000, Infosys market capitalization reached Rs.11 billion and by 2001, Infosys was one of the biggest exporters of software from India. Narayana Murthy had built an organization that was respected across the country, with very strong systems, high ethical values and a nurturing working atmosphere.In February 2001 , Infosys Technologies Ltd. (Infosys) was voted as the Best Managed Company in Asia in the Information Technology sector, in leading financial magazine Euromoneys Fifth Annual Survey of Best Managed Companies in Asia. KEY SUCCESS FACTORS With his sound management skills, Narayana Murthy seemed to have taken Infosys to the pinnacle of success with the following key success factors : 1. Leadership team : The leadership team needs to balance vision with practical experience. In most cases, a technology start-up will have a visionary and/or a technical genius (most often, these are the founders) in place from day one. However, all to often, the leadership team is not rounded out by people who actually know how to run a business and how to drive sales. Building a strong balanced team can be one of the trickier aspects of creating a successful start-up because it necessarily requires the visionary and the technical genius (founders) to admit their practical shortcomings and give up some of the control of the business. The idea behind a start-up is often somebodys baby and, quite naturally, they want to control every aspect of its development. Once you move these people away from micromanaging the business, the start-up begins to have a chance. 2. Well-conceived business plan : This is an area where the practical experience of a well-rounded leadership team gives the start-up a leg up. The business plan needs to be practical and detailed. The business plan provides the blueprint for the growth of the company. Perhaps more importantly, the business plan is how you demonstrate the viability of the business to third party investors. 3. A strong product : It is a given that the product needs to be special ÃÆ' ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ something that will differentiate itself from the universe of competing products but there are other important factors. Ideally, the product will be one that can be protected by patent. If the products cannot be protected by a patent, then the start-up has to be positioned to capitalize on being the first to market. Absent patent protection, being the first to market and capturing as much market share as you can before the copy-cats arrive is the next best thing. The product needs to have a ready market meaning that there is a market for it and that either there is no real competition or that the product allows the company to differentiate itself from the competition. 4. Scalability : The scalability of the business may not be critical to the success of every business, but it is critical to drive a start-up to a large scale business. In other words, if the goal is to become a large, valuable company, scalability is key. However, if the goal is a little less lofty, then scalability is a little less important. 5. Adequate capital :. Without adequate capital, the business will struggle. Perhaps the business will have phenomenal sales, but be unable to deliver the product. Or, the business may build the product, but lack the cash to adequately market it. Or the business will be unable to attract the leadership team it needs and the team it has is diluted to ineffectiveness. Or, the business is unable to capitalize on its first-to-market status. While it is true that the management team for a start-up has to be versatile and willing to wear different hats, a capital-starved start-up can force the dilution of the management team to the point of everything being done poorly. Quite obviously, in many cases, the luxury of having adequate capital does not exist from day one. Finding the capital in a timely way can be very difficult. The more that can be done to address the other four points, the easier it will be to find capital. Launch of Infosys Narayana Murthy obtained his Bachelors degree in Electrical Engineering from University of Mysore in 1967 and his Masters degree in Technology from Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur in 1969. He started his career as head of the computer centre at IIM, Ahmedabad.In 1972, he went to Paris where he was part of the team that designed a 400-terminal, real-time operating system for handling air cargo for Charles De Gaulle airport. Narayana Murthy was a left-wing activist and mingled with French communists during his stay in Paris but his outlook changed while traveling around Europe. He believed that the only way to pull India out of poverty was to create more jobs, by setting up new companies.In 1975, he returned to India and joined Systems Research Institute, Pune,(Maharashtra). He then headed Patni Computer Systems Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, (Maharashtra) before founding Infosys in 1981, along with six other professionals. The Strategist From the beginning, Narayana Murthy focused on the worlds most challenging market the US. He had two reasons for this. First, there was no market for software in India at the time. He believed that Indian software companies should export products in which they had a competitive advantage.In 1987, Infosys entered into a joint venture with Kurt Salmon Associates (KSA), a leading global management consultancy firm. KSA-Infosys was the first Indo-American joint venture in the US. People Management Analysts felt that one factor which helped Infosys to grow at a faster pace than others was the low employee turnover.The turnover rate at Infosys was around 11% as opposed to industry average for software companies of over 25% during the 1990s.Infosys retention capability was a function both of its rigorous selection procedures as well as proactive HRD practices. About 80% of the middle and senior level executives were promoted from within the organization Corporate Governance and Infosys Analysts felt that Infosys became one of the most respected companies in India, through its corporate governance practices, which were better than those of many other companies in India. Narayana Murthys move to adhere to the best global practices was driven by his vision to become a global player. Infosys adopted the stringent US Generally Accepted Accounting Practices (GAAP) many years before other companies in India did Leaders in the Making Narayana Murthy set up a Leadership Institute in Mysore, India, to manage the future growth of Infosys. The institute aimed at preparing Infosys employees to face the complexities of a rapidly changing marketplace and to bring about a change in work culture by instilling leadership qualities. I would like to end with a comment from Sri Narayana Murthy: He said, ÃÆ' ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½It is our vision at Infosys, to create world-class leaders who will be at the forefront of business and technology in todays competitive marketplace This has been at the forefront of their corporate culture !!! 2. Company Profile Infosys Technologies Ltd. provides consulting and IT services to clients worldwide. Founded in 1981, the corporate headquarters are based in Bangalore, India. However, Infosys offices span the globe. Since incorporation, annual revenue has rapidly increased and it reached $500 billion in 2002. Unlike many other Indian IT companies, Infosys has concentrated on building applications and this has contributed to its global success. Infosys Technologies employs nearly 17,000 people worldwide, almost 10,000 of whom are software professionals. 116 new clients in the financial year (FY) 2002 added to the already prestigious list that includes Airbus, Cisco, Nordstrom and Boeing. Retail banking services account for around 4% of total revenue. The company vision is to be the best globally, commercially and ethically. As such, Infosys has developed a C-Life principle of core values that it aims to honour in all aspects of its business conduct.